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Features include always present findings: Reduced kidney function (renal insufficiency), Protein in the urine (proteinuria), and Microscopic hematuria; and common findings: Stage 5 chronic kidney disease. 10 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Kidneys and urinary system | 6 | Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, Nephrotic syndrome, Reduced kidney function (renal insufficiency) |
COL4A3 encodes collagen type IV alpha 3 chain (1,670 aa). Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen Highest expression in Thyroid (42.6 TPM) and Pituitary (29.7 TPM).
Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive is associated with mutations in the COL4A3 gene on chromosome 2.
COL4A3 is classified as a druggable target (Druggable Genome and Kinase categories) with score 0.9.
Diagnostic criteria for Alport syndrome have been published .
Molecular genetic testing for Alport syndrome should be considered in an individual with persistent glomerular hematuria, plus one or more of the following clinical findings, family history, pathology, or other findings .
Clinical findings
Sensorineural deafness
No approved treatments are currently available for Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive. The disease remains an area of unmet medical need.
Evaluations Following Initial Diagnosis To establish the extent of disease and needs in an individual diagnosed with Alport syndrome, the evaluations summarized (if not performed as part of the evaluation that led to the diagnosis) are recommended. Table 5. Alport Syndrome: Recommended Evaluations Following Initial Diagnosis
Clinical practice recommendations for health surveillance of individuals with Alport syndrome have been published . These recommendations encourage early detection of microalbuminuria and proteinuria through regular surveillance. Table 7. Alport Syndrome: Recommended Surveillance
No clinical trials have been registered for Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive.
5 publications have been identified in PubMed for Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive. Research spans Diagnostic / Biomarker (20%), Review / Meta-Analysis (20%), and Case Report / Case Series (20%).
Song ZR (2026). [PMID: 41767691](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41767691/). *Kidney Med*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Chen D (2025). [PMID: 39924725](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39924725/). *Mol Genet Genomic Med*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Wang D (2025). [PMID: 40406358](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40406358/). *Front Pediatr*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Mitrofanova A (2025). [PMID: 40451505](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40451505/). *Kidney Int*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Ng NSL (2025). [PMID: 39349776](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39349776/). *Pediatr Nephrol*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 8:44 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Common questions about Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive
Ears |
3 |
Bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, Hearing loss (hearing impairment), Inner ear hearing loss (sensorineural hearing impairment) |
Alport syndrome is characterized by kidney manifestations (ranging from isolated hematuria to progressive kidney disease), sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), and ocular manifestations. Kidney insufficiency and SNHL may not develop until relatively late in life. Table 2. Alport Syndrome: Frequency of Select Features Feature | % of Persons w/Feature
XLAS | ARAS | ADAS |
|---|---|---|
Hematuria | 100% | 90% |
Proteinuria | 100% | 70% |
ESKD2 | ~80%(by age 40 yrs) | ~20%(by age 60 yrs) |
SNHL | ~50%-60%3 | Rare |
Anterior lenticonus5 | 50% | 5% |
Central or perimacular fleck retinopathy5 | 70% | 20% |
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
COL4A5 (XLAS)
Risk for ESKD
Males. Large rearrangements and pathogenic nonsense and frameshift variants confer a 50% probability of ESKD before age 20 years .
In affected males with splice site variants, the probability of ESKD before age 30 years is around 65%, with 50% of males reaching ESKD by age 25 years . In individuals with splice variants, kidney prognosis differs significantly for those with truncating versus nontruncating variants at the transcript levels; ESKD occurs on average nine years earlier in those with truncating variants . Missense variants are associated with only a 30% probability of ESKD before age 30 years and a 50% probability of ESKD by age 40 years .
Females. Both genotype and unbalanced X-chromosome inactivation pattern might affect the severity of kidney disease .
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
The presence of COL4A3 or COL4A4 pathogenic variants is relatively common in the general population, with an overall prevalence of 0.94% according to gnomAD data, although this varies by ethnicity . The penetrance of ADAS is reduced. The severity of clinical manifestations varies greatly even within the same family; some heterozygotes may be asymptomatic, and some develop ESKD. The absolute risk of ESKD due to a heterozygous COL4A3 or COL4A4 pathogenic variant is estimated to be significantly lower than 3% .
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
Anterior lenticonus and/or characteristic retinopathy
Diffuse leiomyomatosis
Family history findings
Hematuria
Chronic kidney disease/ kidney failure
Deafness associated with chronic kidney disease
Pathologic findings on kidney biopsy
Negative or nonspecific routine immunofluorescence
Type IV collagen abnormal expression
Thin glomerular basement membranes
Characteristic glomerular basement membrane thickening, lamellation, and scalloping
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
Alport syndrome must be distinguished from other genetic disorders associated with persistent (6 months in duration) hematuria and/or combined nephritis and hearing loss . Of note, in a child with no known family history of hematuria, the most likely diagnoses are immunoglobin A nephropathy, Alport syndrome, and C3 glomerulopathy. Table 4. Genetic Disorders of Interest in the Differential Diagnosis of Alport Syndrome
Gene | Disorder | MOI | Features of Disorder |
|---|---|---|---|
C3 glomerulopathy | Rarely inherited in a simple mendelian fashion1 | Hematuria; Proteinuria | Hypocomplementemia EYA1 |
SIX1 | Branchiootorenal (BOR) syndrome (See Branchiootorenal Spectrum Disorder.)2 | AD | Hearing loss; Kidney failure; FSGS; Cataracts |
LAMA5 | FSGS (OMIM 620049) | ARAD3 | Lamellated GBM FSGS; Kidney failure |
LAMB2 | Pierson syndrome/ FSGS w/o ocular abnormalities (OMIM 614199, 609049) | AR | Lamellated GBM FSGS; Kidney failure; Ocular changes |
Nail-patella syndrome | AD | Lamellated GBM FSGS; Kidney failure | Nail dysplasia; Patellar hypoplasia |
MYH9 | MYH9-related disease4 | AD | Combined nephritis hearing loss; Some persons exhibit ultrastructural changes of glomerular capillary wall reminiscent of those seen in persons w/Alport syndrome. |
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
Genetic testing for COL4A3 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive has been reported in the published literature.
System/Concern |
|---|
Evaluation |
|---|
Comment |
|---|
Renal | Measurement of urine albumin-to-protein excretion | Microalbuminuria (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio 30 mg/g) or overt proteinuria (urine protein-to-creatinine ratio 0.2 mg/mg or, in a child, 24-hr urine protein 4 mg/m2/hr) is an important indicator of kidney disease progression in persons w/Alport syndrome. |
Hearing | Audiogram | High-frequency sensorineural deafness typically becomes detectable by audiogram in late childhood. |
Vision | Ophthalmologic eval | Evaluate for maculopathy, anterior lenticonus, retinopathy, which are typically asymptomatic. |
Genetic counseling | By genetics professionals1 | To obtain a pedigree inform affected persons their families re nature, MOI, implications of Alport syndrome to facilitate medical personal decision making. |
Alport Syndrome: Treatment of Manifestations Manifestation/Concern | Treatment | Considerations/Other |
Kidney disease | Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker | Early treatment delays onset of ESKD. 1Indication for treatment:; XLAS (males): at diagnosis, if age 12-24 mos; XLAS (females): presence of microalbuminuria; ARAS: at diagnosis, if age 12-24 mos; ADAS: presence of microalbuminuria Kidney transplantation for ESKD |
Hearing deficit | Hearing aids as needed | — |
Vision issues | Cataract removal | — |
Diffuse leiomyomatosis | Symptomatic leiomyomas may require surgical intervention. | Occurs in those w/deletions of COL4A5 extending into intron 2 of COL4A6 ADAS = autosomal dominant Alport syndrome; ARAS = autosomal recessive Alport syndrome; AS = Alport syndrome; ESKD = end-stage kidney disease; XLAS = X-linked Alport syndrome 1. Note on selection of kidney donors. |
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
Dehydration should be avoided. Individuals who suffer recurrent corneal erosions may need to take measures (e.g., wearing goggles when riding a bicycle) to protect their corneas from minor trauma. Exposure to loud noise should be minimized.
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
A list of Alport syndrome clinical trials can be found at Alport Syndrome Foundation: Active Clinical Trials at a Glance. Search ClinicalTrials.gov in the US and EU Clinical Trials Register in Europe for access to information on clinical studies for a wide range of diseases and conditions.
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
View trials for Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive
System/Concern
Evaluation |
|---|
Frequency |
|---|
Renal | Assessment by nephrologist to incl urinalysis, kidney function assessment, blood pressure determination1 | Annually if urine microalbumin-to-creatinine ratio 30 mg/g or urine protein-to-creatinine ratio 0.2 mg/mg Monitor for development of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis. |
Hearing | Audiologic eval | Every 1-2 yrs starting at age 6-7 yrs |
Vision | Ophthalmologic eval to assess for maculopathy, anterior lenticonus, corneal erosions, cataracts | Every 1-2 yrs starting in adolescence in males w/truncating pathogenic variant in COL4A5 in persons w/ARAS. Although most females with XLAS exhibit only asymptomatic microhematuria, there can be a significant risk for progression to ESKD . |
Source: GeneReviews — "Alport Syndrome"
Phenotype severity distribution: 3 always present features, 1 common feature.
AI-curated news mentioning Alport syndrome 3b, autosomal recessive
Updated Aug 25, 2026
The FDA approved Genglycos (pariglasgene brecaparvovec-opnr) to reduce daily cornstarch intake in patients aged 8 years and older with glycogen storage disease type Ia. Known as Von Gierke disease, GSDIa is a rare metabolic disorder caused by a mutation in the G6PC gene. This genetic variation leads to a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), an enzyme needed to release glucose into the bloodstream. Without this enzyme, the body cannot properly maintain blood glucose levels, causing severe hypoglycemia and other serious metabolic complications · Pariglasgene brecaparvovec is an adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 8 based gene therapy that delivers a functional copy of the G6PC gene into liver cells, enabling the production of normally functioning G6Pase. Ultragenyx stated that as part of its postmarketing commitments to the FDA, the Company will provide 2 years of clinical data from open-label commercial treatment of 50 patients and 20 control patients through its existing GSDIa Disease Monitoring Program. ... Ultragenyx announces US FDA approval of Genglycos™ gene therapy, the first-ever FDA-approved treatment designed to treat the underlying cause of glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSDIa). “The reduced reliance on cornstarch, experienced by patients in our clinical studies, demonstrates this gene therapy’s ability to establish the normal breakdown of glycogen to produce glucose during fasting or episodes of metabolic stress. This ability to regulate glucose has alleviated the disease burden and has the potential to mitigate the risk of severe or life-threatening hypoglycemia for these patients.” Close more info about First Gene Therapy Approved for Glycogen Storage Disease Type la