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Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Y (LGMD2Y) is a form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, presenting in the first or second decades of life, characterized by slowly progressive proximal and distal muscle weakness and atrophy. Additional manifestations include contractures of the proximal and distal interphalangeal hand joints, rigid spine, restricted pulmonary function, and mild cardiomyopathy.
Features include always present findings: Centrally nucleated skeletal muscle fibers, Decreased forced expiratory flow 25-75%, Increased endomysial connective tissue, and Muscle weakness and others; and common findings: Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration), Camptodactyly of finger, Difficulty climbing stairs, and Distal muscle weakness and others. 16 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Muscles | 10 | Centrally nucleated skeletal muscle fibers, Difficulty climbing stairs, Distal muscle weakness |
Bones and joints | 3 | Centrally nucleated skeletal muscle fibers, Joint contracture, Contracture of the distal interphalangeal joint of the fingers |
Arms and legs | 2 | Camptodactyly of finger, Contracture of the distal interphalangeal joint of the fingers |
Lab test results | 1 | Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration) |
Heart and blood vessels | 1 | Premature ventricular contraction |
Brain and nerves | 1 | Spinal rigidity |
TOR1AIP1 function has not been fully characterized.
Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Y is associated with mutations in the TOR1AIP1 gene on chromosome 1.
Genetic testing for TOR1AIP1 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Phenotype severity distribution: 5 always present features, 10 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
1 clinical trial registered, 1 recruiting. Interventions under study include other interventions. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 12:24 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center