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Congenital tracheomalacia is a rare condition where the trachea is soft and flexible causing the tracheal wall to collapse when exhaling, coughing or crying, that usually presents in infancy, and that is characterized by stridor and noisy breathing or upper respiratory infections. Tracheomalacia improves by the age of 18-24 months.
Features include very common findings: Tracheomalacia and Anomalous tracheal cartilage; and common findings: Laryngomalacia, Difficulty breathing (respiratory insufficiency), Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, and Stridor and others. 45 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Lungs and breathing | 15 | Difficulty breathing (respiratory insufficiency), Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, Wheezing |
Biomarker and diagnostic research for congenital tracheomalacia has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 2 very common features, 7 common features.
Estimated prevalence: Unknown (Unknown prevalence).
4 clinical trials registered, 1 recruiting. Interventions under study include other interventions, procedural interventions, drug therapy, and medical devices. Pipeline includes 1 PHASE3, 3 NA. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
104 publications have been identified in PubMed for congenital tracheomalacia. Kisho has analyzed 61 by research type. Research spans Review / Meta-Analysis (30%), Case Report / Case Series (21%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (16%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Research summaries |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 5:32 AM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Heart and blood vessels | 7 | Abnormal heart morphology, Ventricular septal defect, Atrial septal defect |
Digestive system | 3 | Gastroesophageal reflux, Esophageal atresia, Feeding difficulties |
Blood and immune system | 1 | Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections |
Growth and development | 1 | Failure to thrive |
Pregnancy and birth | 1 | Neonatal respiratory distress |
30% |
Patient case studies | 13 | 21% |
Disease patterns and progression | 10 | 16% |
Clinical study results | 7 | 11% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 6 | 10% |
Laboratory research | 4 | 7% |
Other research | 3 | 5% |
Pollack JC (2026). [PMID: 40803413](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40803413/). *J Pediatr Surg*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Wasa M (2026). [PMID: 41800899](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41800899/). *Pediatr Int*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Girgis M (2026). [PMID: 41987695](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41987695/). *Ann R Coll Surg Engl*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Ismael AC (2026). [PMID: 41786863](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41786863/). *Sci Rep*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Fada L (2026). [PMID: 41658681](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41658681/). *Cureus*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Mohammed S (2026). [PMID: 41542201](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41542201/). *J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol*. [Other]
Li X (2026). [PMID: 42034974](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42034974/). *BMC Anesthesiol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Ebbott D (2025). [PMID: 40441419](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40441419/). *J Pediatr Surg*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Zur M (2025). [PMID: 40619177](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40619177/). *Thorac Surg Clin*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Brockbank BL (2025). [PMID: 38960728](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38960728/). *Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
AI-curated news mentioning congenital tracheomalacia
Updated Apr 25, 2026
A recent study discusses the anesthesia management of a child with Melnick-Needles syndrome, highlighting challenges due to retrognathia and tracheomalacia. This case provides insights into the complexities of treating patients with rare genetic conditions.