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Any hypobetalipoproteinemia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ANGPTL3 gene.
Features include: Decreased LDL cholesterol concentration and Hypotriglyceridemia.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Digestive system | 1 | Decreased LDL cholesterol concentration |
ANGPTL3 encodes angiopoietin like 3 (460 aa). Acts in part as a hepatokine that is involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Highest expression in Liver (133.8 TPM) and Kidney Cortex (5.1 TPM).
Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2 is caused by mutations in the ANGPTL3 gene on chromosome 1.
The ANGPTL3 protein participates in Expression of ANGPTL3 regulated by NR1H2 or NR1H3 pathway.
ANGPTL3 is classified as a druggable target (Cell Surface, Druggable Genome, Fibrinogen, and Growth Factor categories) with score 26.1.
Familial combined hypolipidemia should be suspected in individuals with the following laboratory findings and family history.
Laboratory findings*
Hypocholesterolemia with a total cholesterol of 1.9 ± 0.5 mmol/L (1.3-2.8)
Low plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 1.3 ± 0.6 mmol/L (0.5-1.4)
No approved treatments are currently available for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2. The disease remains an area of unmet medical need.
No clinical practice guidelines for familial combined hypolipidemia have been published. No specific evaluation, management, or surveillance is required for individuals who have familial combined hypolipidemia . Consultation with a medical geneticist, certified genetic counselor, or certified advanced genetic nurse to inform affected individuals and their families about the nature, mode of inheritance, and lack of specific clinical implications of familial combined hypolipidemia should be considered
No clinical trials have been registered for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2.
15 publications have been identified in PubMed for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (33%), Review / Meta-Analysis (20%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (20%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 5 | 33% |
Data assembled from 7 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 11:57 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
To date, approximately 30 individuals from a small number of families have been identified with biallelic pathogenic variants in ANGPTL3 [, , , , , ]. The following description of the phenotypic features associated with this condition is based on these reports. Familial combined hypolipidemia is not associated with any pathologic signs or symptoms, and diagnosis is suggested by low plasma concentrations of lipids. Using a mendelian randomization approach, familial combined hypolipidemia has been associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ; however, the effect of functionally deficient ANGPTL3 protein on atherosclerosis burden has not been systematically investigated.
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
No genotype-phenotype correlations for familial combined hypolipidemia have been identified.
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
Low plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of 0.6 ± 1.3 mmol/L (0.3-1.2)
Low plasma triglycerides of 0.4 ± 0.1 mmol/L (0.2-0.7)
Low plasma apolipoprotein (apo) B of 0.5 ± 0.1 g/L (0.3-0.7)
Low plasma apo A-I of 0.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L (0.4-1.1)
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
Table 2.
Genes of Interest in the Differential Diagnosis of Familial Combined Hypolipidemia
Gene | Disorder | MOI | Features of Differential Diagnosis
Overlapping w/FCH | Distinguishing from FCH
APOB | Biallelic APOB-related familial hypobetalipoproteinemia1 | AR2 | Low plasma levels of LDL cholesterol | • Assoc w/clinical symptoms (e.g. failure to thrive, steatorrhea)
HDL cholesterol levels are lower in FCH.3
MTTP | Abetalipoproteinemia | AR | Low plasma levels of LDL cholesterol | Assoc w/clinical symptoms (e.g. failure to thrive, steatorrhea)
| Hypocholesterolemia w/ LDL cholesterol4 | AD | • Not assoc w/any clinical symptoms
Low plasma levels of LDL cholesterol
| Normal levels of plasma HDL cholesterol
| Chylomicron retention disease | AR | Low plasma levels of LDL HDL cholesterol | • ...
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
Genetic testing for ANGPTL3 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2 has been reported in the published literature.
See for issues related to testing of at-risk relatives for genetic counseling purposes.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov in the US and EU Clinical Trials Register in Europe for access to information on clinical studies for a wide range of diseases and conditions. Note: There may not be clinical trials for this disorder.
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
Search ClinicalTrials.gov in the US and EU Clinical Trials Register in Europe for access to information on clinical studies for a wide range of diseases and conditions. Note: There may not be clinical trials for this disorder.
Source: GeneReviews — "Familial Combined Hypolipidemia"
View trials for familial hypobetalipoproteinemia 2
Research summaries
3 |
20% |
Laboratory research | 3 | 20% |
Disease patterns and progression | 2 | 13% |
Other research | 1 | 7% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 1 | 7% |
Vergès B (2026). [PMID: 41866072](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866072/). *Ann Endocrinol (Paris)*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Loberman Nachum N (2026). [PMID: 42100254](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42100254/). *Front Med (Lausanne)*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Schwantes-An TH (2026). [PMID: 41514510](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41514510/). *Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Miyamoto K (2025). [PMID: 40027560](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40027560/). *World journal of hepatology*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Giammanco A (2025). [PMID: 39271391](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39271391/). *Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD*. [Other]
Levy M (2025). [PMID: 41206978](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41206978/). *Atherosclerosis*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Surles L (2025). [PMID: 39586577](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39586577/). *Clinical genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Gulten ZA (2025). [PMID: 41573607](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41573607/). *Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Pinzon Grimaldos A (2025). [PMID: 41291732](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41291732/). *Journal of translational medicine*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Zhang YQ (2024). [PMID: 38763880](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38763880/). *Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics*. [Case Report / Case Series]