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A rare peripheral neuropathy characterized by slowly progressive axonal, motor greater than sensory polyneuropathy combined with neuromytonia (including spontaneous muscular activity at rest (myokymia), impaired muscle relaxation (pseudomyotonia), and contractures of hands and feet) and neuromyotonic or myokymic discharges on needle EMG. It presents with distal lower limb weakness with gait impairment, muscle stiffness, fasciculations and cramps in hands and legs worsened by cold, decreased to absent tendon reflexes, intrinsic hand muscle atrophy and, variably, mild distal sensory impairment.
Features include very common findings: Myokymia, Neuromyotonia, Distal sensory impairment, and Myotonia and others; and common findings: Abnormal foot morphology, Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration), Difficulty walking (gait disturbance), and Reduced tendon reflexes and others. 52 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Muscles | 24 |
HINT1 encodes histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (126 aa). Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2. Highest expression in Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes (328.8 TPM) and Cells Cultured fibroblasts (251.4 TPM).
Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome is associated with mutations in the HINT1 gene on chromosome 5.
The HINT1 protein participates in Ac-K21,K30 HINT1, HINT1:HDAC1:SIN3A:TCF/LEF:CTNNB1:CCND1 gene, and p-S207 KARS displaces HINT1 pathways.
HINT1 is classified as a druggable target with score 52.2.
Genetic testing for HINT1 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 7 very common features, 13 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
No clinical trials have been registered for Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome.
53 publications have been identified in PubMed for Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (38%), Review / Meta-Analysis (15%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (15%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 20 | 38% |
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 3:07 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Common questions about Gamstorp-Wohlfart syndrome
Arms and legs | 14 | Abnormal foot morphology, Foot dorsiflexor weakness, Distal lower limb muscle weakness |
Brain and nerves | 11 | Fasciculations, Sensory axonal neuropathy, Difficulty walking (gait disturbance) |
Bones and joints | 2 | Skeletal muscle atrophy, Thoracic scoliosis |
Lab test results | 1 | Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration) |
Skin | 1 | Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis) |
8 |
15% |
Disease patterns and progression | 8 | 15% |
Clinical study results | 6 | 11% |
Laboratory research | 4 | 8% |
Other research | 3 | 6% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 2 | 4% |
New treatment approaches | 2 | 4% |
Sabas RR (2026). [PMID: 41636862](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41636862/). *Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Hassan F (2026). [PMID: 41956272](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41956272/). *Autoimmun Rev*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Nirschl CJ (2026). [PMID: 41685778](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41685778/). *Cancer Immunol Res*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Sugimoto T (2026). [PMID: 42125544](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42125544/). *Clin Neurophysiol Pract*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Katirji B (2026). [PMID: 42124386](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42124386/). *Muscle Nerve*. [Other]
Li Y (2026). [PMID: 41869344](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41869344/). *Front Immunol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Snow ALB (2026). [PMID: 41632350](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41632350/). *Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Cakar MM (2026). [PMID: 41348524](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41348524/). *J Clin Neurophysiol*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Spiliopoulos KC (2025). [PMID: 40009145](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40009145/). *Neurol Sci*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Isaacs JD (2025). [PMID: 40023669](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40023669/). *Semin Arthritis Rheum*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]