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Lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome is rare, genetic, neurometabolic disease characterized by global developmental delay, severe hypotonia, seizures, cataracts, cardiomyopathy (including left or bi-ventricular hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy) and left ventricular non-compaction, typically resulting in infantile or early-childhood death. Patients usually present metabolic lactic acidosis, failure to thrive, head lag, respiratory problems and decrease in respiratory chain complex activity. Highly variable cerebral abnormalities have been reported and include microcephaly, prominent extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid spaces, diffuse neuronal loss and cortical/white matter gliosis.
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 8:41 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Features include always present findings: Global developmental delay, Increased circulating lactate concentration, Low muscle tone (hypotonia), and Left ventricular noncompaction and others; and common findings: Microcephaly, Feeding difficulties, Seizure, and Cataract and others. 22 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 3 | Seizure, Global developmental delay, Depressed nasal bridge |
Muscles | 2 | Low muscle tone (hypotonia), Increased variability in muscle fiber diameter |
Heart and blood vessels | 2 | Left ventricular noncompaction, Thickened heart muscle (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) |
Head and neck | 1 | Microcephaly |
Digestive system | 1 | Feeding difficulties |
Lab test results | 1 | Increased circulating lactate concentration |
Eyes | 1 | Cataract |
Growth and development | 1 | Failure to thrive |
MIPEP encodes mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (713 aa). Cleaves proteins, imported into the mitochondrion, to their mature size Highest expression in Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg (26.7 TPM) and Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic (26.3 TPM).
Lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome is associated with mutations in the MIPEP gene on chromosome 13.
MIPEP is classified as a druggable target (Druggable Genome, Enzyme, and Protease categories) with score 0.0.
Genetic testing for MIPEP is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Phenotype severity distribution: 9 always present features, 5 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
No clinical trials have been registered for lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome.
3 publications have been identified in PubMed for lethal left ventricular non-compaction-seizures-hypotonia-cataract-developmental delay syndrome. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (67%) and Basic Science / Preclinical (33%).
Yoshikai M (2026). [PMID: 41640829](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41640829/). *Surgical case reports*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Herrell C (2025). [PMID: 41189828](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41189828/). *Cureus*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Dynlacht JR (2025). [PMID: 41101767](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41101767/). *Radiation research*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]