Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma is a rare subtype of meningioma classified as WHO grade I, meaning it is considered a benign, slow-growing tumor. It arises from the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Its distinguishing feature is the presence of a prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrate — an accumulation of lymphocytes and plasma cells — that is more conspicuous than the underlying meningioma cells. Because it is an acquired tumor rather than an inherited condition, it does not run in families. This summary reflects clinical data available as of May 2026.

Symptoms depend primarily on tumor location and size. Meningiomas growing near the brain may cause headaches, focal neurological deficits, or seizures as they compress adjacent structures. Slow growth means symptoms often develop gradually over time. Not all individuals experience all features, and severity varies considerably.

Lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma is an acquired tumor arising spontaneously in the meningeal tissue. It is not inherited and does not follow a Mendelian genetic pattern. Like other meningiomas, contributing factors may include prior radiation exposure in some cases, though the specific drivers of the inflammatory phenotype distinctive to this subtype are not fully established.

Diagnosis is typically established through neuroimaging (MRI), which can detect meningeal masses, followed by surgical resection and histopathological examination. The lymphoplasmacyte-rich subtype is distinguished from other meningioma variants by the characteristic inflammatory infiltrate seen on microscopic analysis. WHO grade I classification indicates low proliferative activity.

Surgical resection is the primary treatment approach when the tumor is accessible and causing symptoms. Completely resected WHO grade I meningiomas generally have a favorable outcome without further intervention. Radiation therapy may be considered for residual disease, recurrence, or surgically inaccessible tumors. There are no treatments specifically approved for this meningioma subtype. Clinical trials examining therapies for brain tumors, including meningiomas, are ongoing.

As a WHO grade I tumor, lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma has a generally favorable prognosis when completely resected. Recurrence risk and long-term outcomes depend on extent of surgical removal and tumor location.

Research in this area is part of the broader investigation of meningioma biology and treatment. Published literature includes reviews and clinical studies on meningioma management. Active clinical trials are examining novel pharmacological and procedural approaches for brain tumors including meningiomas. Listings of current studies are available at ClinicalTrials.gov.