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Mevalonic aciduria (MVA) is a rare, very severe form of mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) characterized by dysmorphic features, failure to thrive, psychomotor delay, ocular involvement, hypotonia, progressive ataxia, myopathy, and recurrent inflammatory episodes.
Features include always present findings: Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration), Elevated urine mevalonic acid level, Failure to thrive in infancy, and Attenuation of retinal blood vessels and others; and very common findings: Short stature, Low muscle tone (hypotonia), Large fontanelles, and Downslanted palpebral fissures and others. 55 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 8 |
MVK encodes mevalonate kinase (396 aa). Catalyzes the phosphorylation of mevalonate to mevalonate 5-phosphate, a key step in isoprenoid and cholesterol biosynthesis Highest expression in Testis (41.6 TPM) and Esophagus Mucosa (40.7 TPM).
Mevalonic aciduria is associated with mutations in the MVK gene on chromosome 12.
The MVK protein participates in SREBP1A,2:NF-Y:SP1:MVK gene and Expression of Mevalonate Kinase (MVK) pathways.
MVK is classified as a druggable target (Enzyme and Kinase categories) with score 8.7.
Genetic testing for MVK is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for mevalonic aciduria has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 10 always present features, 14 very common features, 17 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
1 clinical trial registered, 1 recruiting. Interventions under study include other interventions. Pipeline includes 1 NA. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
44 publications have been identified in PubMed for mevalonic aciduria. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (45%), Review / Meta-Analysis (18%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (14%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 20 | 45% |
Data assembled from 7 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 10:04 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Ataxia, Dysarthria, Global developmental delay
Digestive system | 7 | Fluctuating splenomegaly, Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration, Diarrhea |
Blood and immune system | 7 | Fluctuating splenomegaly, Elevated white blood cell count (increased total leukocyte count), Recurrent infections |
Lab test results | 5 | Elevated creatine kinase (muscle enzyme) (elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration), Elevated LDH (tissue damage marker) (increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration), Elevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration |
Muscles | 5 | Low muscle tone (hypotonia), Generalized hypotonia, Shrinkage of the cerebellum (cerebellar atrophy) |
Eyes | 5 | Cataract, Nystagmus, Attenuation of retinal blood vessels |
Growth and development | 3 | Failure to thrive in infancy, Short stature, Failure to thrive |
Bones and joints | 3 | Kyphoscoliosis, Arthralgia, Delayed skeletal maturation |
Head and neck | 2 | Microcephaly, Triangular face |
Skin | 2 | Morbilliform rash, Skin rash |
Kidneys and urinary system | 1 | Elevated urinary D-glyceric acid level |
Age of onset: childhood, infancy.
Research summaries |
8 |
18% |
Laboratory research | 6 | 14% |
Clinical study results | 4 | 9% |
Disease patterns and progression | 3 | 7% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 2 | 5% |
New treatment approaches | 1 | 2% |
Tas-Aygar G (2026). [PMID: 41047723](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41047723/). *Pediatr Dermatol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Koga T (2026). [PMID: 41620931](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41620931/). *Expert review of clinical immunology*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Xue S (2026). [PMID: 41869348](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41869348/). *Front Immunol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Tunce E (2026). [PMID: 42172471](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42172471/). *Turk J Pediatr*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Kaplan MM (2026). [PMID: 41833237](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41833237/). *Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Pugliese A (2026). [PMID: 41680896](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41680896/). *Orphanet journal of rare diseases*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Salvo Jiménez J (2026). [PMID: 41635243](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41635243/). *Ocular immunology and inflammation*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Munoz MA (2026). [PMID: 42066777](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42066777/). *Immunity*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
van Heusden NS (2026). [PMID: 41812801](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41812801/). *The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Bourguiba R (2026). [PMID: 41933651](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41933651/). *Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]