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A non-seminomatous germ cell tumor characterized by the presence of various tissues which correspond to the different germinal layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm). It occurs in the testis, ovary, and extragonadal sites including central nervous system, mediastinum, lung, and stomach. According to the level of differentiation of the tissues which comprise the tumor, teratomas are classified as mature or immature. Mature teratomas are composed of well differentiated, adult-type tissues. Immature teratomas are composed of immature, fetal-type tissues. Testicular teratomas in children follow a benign clinical course. Mature ovarian teratomas without a fetal-type component have an excellent outcome. The prognosis of immature ovarian teratomas is related to the grade and stage of the tumor.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for teratoma has been reported in the published literature.
8 clinical trials registered, 3 recruiting. Interventions under study include procedural interventions, other interventions, drug therapy, and biologic therapy. Pipeline includes 2 PHASE3, 2 PHASE2, 1 NA. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
NCT ID | Title | Phase | Sponsor | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[NCT06421805](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06421805) |
Data assembled from 3 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 4:55 PM UTC
Establishing Prospective Mediastinal Tumor Database of PUMCH |
— |
Peking Union Medical College Hospital |
RECRUITING |
[NCT07199699](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07199699) | Subxiphoid VATS for Giant Mediastinal Teratoma | NA | Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine | NOT_YET_RECRUITING |
[NCT02834013](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02834013) | Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Treating Patients With Rare Tumors | PHASE2 | National Cancer Institute (NCI) | ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING |
[NCT02402244](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02402244) | Project: Every Child for Younger Patients With Cancer | — | Children's Oncology Group | RECRUITING |
[NCT03067181](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03067181) | Active Surveillance, Bleomycin, Etoposide, Carboplatin or Cisplatin in Treating Pediatric and Adult Patients With Germ Cell Tumors | PHASE3 | Children's Oncology Group | UNKNOWN |
270 publications have been identified in PubMed for teratoma. Kisho has analyzed 107 by research type. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (44%), Review / Meta-Analysis (25%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (10%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 47 | 44% |
Research summaries | 27 | 25% |
Disease patterns and progression | 11 | 10% |
Laboratory research | 9 | 8% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 5 | 5% |
Clinical study results | 4 | 4% |
New treatment approaches | 3 | 3% |
Other research | 1 | 1% |
Farci F (2026). [PMID: 33620805](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33620805/). *Unknown Journal*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Robilliard R (2026). [PMID: 41383814](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41383814/). *JCEM Case Rep*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Simone K (2026). [PMID: 41456400](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41456400/). *J Neuroimmunol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Tamauchi S (2026). [PMID: 41531187](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41531187/). *Cancer Sci*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Kulkarni A (2026). [PMID: 41550077](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41550077/). *Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology Society*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Liang F (2026). [PMID: 41782058](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41782058/). *Journal of cardiothoracic surgery*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Cain-Trivette CJ (2026). [PMID: 41317312](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41317312/). *J Neonatal Perinatal Med*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Tenazoa Villalobos JR (2026). [PMID: 42019802](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42019802/). *J Obstet Gynaecol Can*. [Other]
Chan J (2026). [PMID: 41640125](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41640125/). *Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Stanković ZB (2026). [PMID: 41671822](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41671822/). *Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
AI-curated news mentioning teratoma
Updated Aug 1, 2026
A case study reports the occurrence of metachronous pineal germinoma 11 years following the total resection of a mature teratoma. This finding highlights the potential for late-onset germ cell tumors in patients with a history of teratoma.
A recent case series published in PubMed highlights growing teratoma syndrome of the ovary, providing insights into its clinical presentation and management. This research contributes to the understanding of this rare condition and may inform future treatment approaches.