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Features include always present findings: Anal atresia, Pulmonary hypoplasia, Dextrocardia, and Absence of stomach bubble on fetal sonography and others. 24 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Bones and joints | 2 | Abnormal vertebral morphology, Abnormality of the vertebral column |
ZIC3 function has not been fully characterized.
VACTERL association, X-linked, with or without hydrocephalus is associated with mutations in the ZIC3 gene on chromosome X.
Genetic testing for ZIC3 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Phenotype severity distribution: 10 always present features.
No clinical trials have been registered for VACTERL association, X-linked, with or without hydrocephalus.
202 publications have been identified in PubMed for VACTERL association, X-linked, with or without hydrocephalus. Kisho has analyzed 27 by research type. Research spans Review / Meta-Analysis (67%), Epidemiology / Natural History (11%), and Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics (7%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Research summaries | 18 | 67% |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 8:06 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Common questions about VACTERL association, X-linked, with or without hydrocephalus
Lungs and breathing
1 |
Pulmonary hypoplasia |
Pregnancy and birth | 1 | Absence of stomach bubble on fetal sonography |
Brain and nerves | 1 | Hydrocephalus |
Digestive system | 1 | Esophageal atresia |
Arms and legs | 1 | Hand polydactyly |
Kidneys and urinary system | 1 | Enlarged kidney |
Age of onset: before birth.
Disease patterns and progression | 3 | 11% |
New treatment approaches | 2 | 7% |
Other research | 1 | 4% |
Patient case studies | 1 | 4% |
Clinical study results | 1 | 4% |
Laboratory research | 1 | 4% |
Antonyan L (2026). [PMID: 41612697](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41612697/). *Mol Ther*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Chaichana KL (2025). [PMID: 40459317](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40459317/). *Continuum (Minneap Minn)*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Williams MA (2025). [PMID: 40054969](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40054969/). *Neurosurg Clin N Am*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Hale AT (2025). [PMID: 40465691](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40465691/). *Sci Transl Med*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Tavares J (2025). [PMID: 39828312](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39828312/). *BMJ Case Rep*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Robinson S (2025). [PMID: 40459318](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40459318/). *Continuum (Minneap Minn)*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Dasher N (2025). [PMID: 40054970](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40054970/). *Neurosurg Clin N Am*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Zwimpfer TJ (2025). [PMID: 40054978](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40054978/). *Neurosurg Clin N Am*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Wang Q (2025). [PMID: 40640139](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40640139/). *Nat Commun*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Eide PK (2025). [PMID: 40054967](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40054967/). *Neurosurg Clin N Am*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]