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A squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from the anal canal or the anal margin (perianal skin). Human papillomavirus is detected in the majority of cases. Homosexual HIV-positive men have an increased risk of developing anal squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to the general male population. Symptoms include anal pruritus, discomfort when sitting, pain, change in bowel habit, and bleeding. The prognosis is generally better for anal margin SCC than for anal canal SCC.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for anal squamous cell carcinoma has been reported in the published literature.
36 clinical trials registered, 18 recruiting. Interventions under study include drug therapy, procedural interventions, other interventions, and biologic therapy. Pipeline includes 1 PHASE3, 15 PHASE2, 8 PHASE1. Research is sponsored by a mix of industry and academic institutions.
NCT ID | Title | Phase | Sponsor | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[NCT07425054](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07425054) |
Data assembled from 3 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 3:06 PM UTC
ctHPVDNA Response-Adapted Chemoradiation +/- Retifanlimab Treatment in Locally-Advanced Anal Cancer |
PHASE2 |
Jennifer Dorth |
RECRUITING |
[NCT03061435](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03061435) | Screening for Anal Cancer in Women With High-grade Vulvar Dysplasia or Vulvar Cancer. | NA | Dr. Danielle Vicus | RECRUITING |
[NCT06697964](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06697964) | High Resolution Anuscopy Study | — | Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel | RECRUITING |
[NCT05838391](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05838391) | Adaptive Radiation in Anal Cancer | NA | Columbia University | RECRUITING |
[NCT05663502](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05663502) | Collecting Blood and Tissue Sample Donations for Research for HIV/AIDS-Related Cancers | — | AIDS Malignancy Consortium | RECRUITING |
161 publications have been identified in PubMed for anal squamous cell carcinoma. Research spans Epidemiology / Natural History (24%), Diagnostic / Biomarker (18%), and Clinical Trial Publication (16%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Disease patterns and progression | 38 | 24% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 29 | 18% |
Clinical study results | 26 | 16% |
Patient case studies | 23 | 14% |
Research summaries | 21 | 13% |
Laboratory research | 16 | 10% |
Other research | 5 | 3% |
New treatment approaches | 3 | 2% |
Nwokeocha SO (2026). [PMID: 42169951](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42169951/). *J Gastrointest Oncol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Wignakumar A (2026). [PMID: 41123194](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41123194/). *J Am Coll Surg*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Emile SH (2026). [PMID: 42102537](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42102537/). *Surgery*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Burns J (2026). [PMID: 42096989](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42096989/). *Surgery*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
de Quillacq M (2026). [PMID: 42088695](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42088695/). *New Microbes New Infect*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Boyer M (2026). [PMID: 41647162](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41647162/). *Clinics in colon and rectal surgery*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Onay M (2026). [PMID: 42090844](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42090844/). *Eur J Cancer*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Temperley HC (2026). [PMID: 41555561](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41555561/). *Journal of medical imaging and radiation oncology*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
De Luca V (2026). [PMID: 41756143](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41756143/). *Clin Transl Radiat Oncol*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Bresciani L (2026). [PMID: 42219499](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42219499/). *Infect Dis Poverty*. [Case Report / Case Series]
AI-curated news mentioning anal squamous cell carcinoma
Updated Jun 3, 2026
A recent case study highlights an unusual presentation of anal squamous cell carcinoma, emphasizing the need for awareness and early diagnosis. This case contributes to the understanding of rare cancer manifestations.
The European Commission has approved Incyte's treatment for advanced squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC), marking the first systemic therapy available for adults with this condition. This approval represents a significant advancement in treatment options for patients suffering from advanced anal cancer.
A new study explores the use of interventional radiotherapy (brachytherapy) for organ-sparing treatment of invasive squamous cell cancer of the nasal vestibule. This approach may offer a promising alternative for patients, preserving nasal function while targeting cancerous cells.
A systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the potential of blood-based biomarkers in monitoring anal squamous cell cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. This research could pave the way for improved patient management and treatment outcomes.
EMA recommends extending the indication of Zynyz (retifanlimab) for treating advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal in adults. This marks a significant step in immunotherapy options for this patient population.