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One of the most common forms of hereditary optic neuropathy characterized by progressive bilateral visual loss during the first decade of life, associated with optic disk pallor, visual field and color vision defects.
Features include very common findings: Visual impairment and Damage to the optic nerve (optic atrophy); and common findings: Progressive external ophthalmoplegia, Proximal muscle weakness, Inner ear hearing loss (sensorineural hearing impairment), and Color vision defect and others. 54 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 15 | Ataxia, Nerve damage affecting sensation and movement (sensorimotor neuropathy), Difficulty walking (gait disturbance) |
OPA1 encodes OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase (960 aa). Dynamin-related GTPase that is essential for normal mitochondrial morphology by mediating fusion of the mitochondrial inner membranes, regulating cristae morphology and maintaining respiratory chain function. Highest expression in Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes (41.7 TPM) and Cells Cultured fibroblasts (33.7 TPM).
Autosomal dominant optic atrophy, classic form is associated with mutations in the OPA1 gene on chromosome 3.
The OPA1 protein participates in Cellular response to mitochondrial stress pathway.
OPA1 is classified as a druggable target (Enzyme and Transporter categories) with score 0.0.
Genetic testing for OPA1 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for autosomal dominant optic atrophy, classic form has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 2 very common features, 9 common features.
Estimated prevalence: 1-9 in 100,000 (Uncommon).
4 clinical trials registered, 3 recruiting. Interventions under study include drug therapy, other interventions, and procedural interventions. Pipeline includes 2 PHASE1, 1 NA. Research is sponsored by a mix of industry and academic institutions.
97 publications have been identified in PubMed for autosomal dominant optic atrophy, classic form. Research spans Basic Science / Preclinical (41%), Case Report / Case Series (25%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (16%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Laboratory research | 39 |
Data assembled from 7 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 4:31 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Eyes | 9 | Strabismus, Visual impairment, Damage to the optic nerve (optic atrophy) |
Muscles | 9 | Damage to the optic nerve (optic atrophy), Proximal muscle weakness, Myopathy |
Hormones | 3 | Hypogonadism, Diabetes mellitus, Hypothyroidism |
Digestive system | 2 | Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), Feeding difficulties |
Ears | 1 | Inner ear hearing loss (sensorineural hearing impairment) |
Blood and immune system | 1 | Macrocytic anemia |
Bones and joints | 1 | Skeletal muscle atrophy |
Head and neck | 1 | Weakness of facial musculature |
41%
Patient case studies | 24 | 25% |
Disease patterns and progression | 15 | 16% |
Research summaries | 6 | 6% |
New treatment approaches | 6 | 6% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 3 | 3% |
Clinical study results | 3 | 3% |
Roberti G (2026). [PMID: 41528649](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41528649/). *Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Sultana N (2026). [PMID: 41694625](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41694625/). *Clinical case reports*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Roberts JP (2026). [PMID: 42001184](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42001184/). *Orphanet J Rare Dis*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Bertacchi M (2026). [PMID: 41825301](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41825301/). *Stem cell research*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Lee NS (2026). [PMID: 41958053](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41958053/). *Ophthalmic Genet*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Volk M (2026). [PMID: 42067999](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42067999/). *Clin Genet*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Schrittwieser J (2026). [PMID: 41944540](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41944540/). *Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Khandelwal S (2026). [PMID: 41675840](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41675840/). *Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Errichiello G (2026). [PMID: 42151635](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42151635/). *Neurol Sci*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Alavi MV (2026). [PMID: 42101483](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42101483/). *Expert Opin Ther Targets*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]