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Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is characterized by a tumor-like lesion larger than two centimeters and signs and symptoms similar to those of a brain tumor. It is a rare form of multiple sclerosis (MS). Symptoms of tumefactive MS often differ from other MS cases and may include, headaches, changes in thinking, confusion, speech problems, seizures, and weakness. The cause of tumefactive MS is not known. It often develops into the relapsing-remitting form of MS. In other cases there is only one occurrence of the condition. In still others the disease process remains less clear. While there is no cure for tumefactive MS, treatments such as corticosteroids are available to decrease disease activity.
Estimated prevalence: Unknown (Unknown prevalence).
No clinical trials have been registered for Balo concentric sclerosis.
19 publications have been identified in PubMed for Balo concentric sclerosis. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (68%), Other (11%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (11%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 13 | 68% |
Data assembled from 3 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 3:06 AM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Common questions about Balo concentric sclerosis
2 |
11% |
Laboratory research | 2 | 11% |
Research summaries | 1 | 5% |
New treatment approaches | 1 | 5% |
Dempegioti CA (2026). [PMID: 41207107](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41207107/). *Journal of neuroimmunology*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Alfonso-Cedeño DF (2026). [PMID: 41619449](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41619449/). *Journal of neuroimmunology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Li W (2026). [PMID: 41959609](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41959609/). *Front Hum Neurosci*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Lanzante M (2026). [PMID: 42102330](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42102330/). *Neurology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Mei Q (2025). [PMID: 40442507](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40442507/). *Journal of neurology*. [Other]
Kira JI (2025). [PMID: 40219942](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40219942/). *Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Peraza H (2025). [PMID: 40946697](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40946697/). *Multiple sclerosis and related disorders*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Luan Z (2025). [PMID: 40666549](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40666549/). *Cureus*. [Other]
Elias S (2025). [PMID: 40219936](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40219936/). *Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Sawczyńska K (2025). [PMID: 40600282](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40600282/). *Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska*. [Case Report / Case Series]
AI-curated news mentioning Balo concentric sclerosis
Updated Jul 21, 2026
FDA approved Casgevy CRISPR gene therapy for children as young as 2 with sickle cell disease on July 1, 2026. Here's what families need to know about this milestone. Approximately 5,500 additional American children are now eligible for this established one-time therapy, according to Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Casgevy's developer. Casgevy also covers transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia in this new age indication. Sickle cell disease is a lifelong inherited blood disorder that warps red blood cells into stiff, crescent shapes that can block blood flow, starving organs and tissues of oxygen. The world's first CRISPR-based gene therapy has been approved for children as young as two years old, opening the possibility of a single, potentially curative treatment to thousands of American children with sickle cell disease before years of organ damage can narrow what medicine can do for them. Families with children aged 2 and older who have sickle cell disease should speak with their pediatric hematologist about whether Casgevy is appropriate to consider at this stage of their child's disease. Ask specifically which authorized treatment centers perform Casgevy in your region. Treatment is available only at specialized sites, and geographic access remains limited. Contact your child's insurance plan or Medicaid office to ask about coverage. Medicaid coverage for gene therapies varies by state, and some states have developed outcomes-based payment models for high-cost therapies. "With today's decision, pediatric patients as young as 2 years of age can now access a critical additional treatment option to treat these debilitating, life-threatening diseases," said Karim Mikhail, acting director of the Office of Therapeutic Products at the FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, according to the FDA press announcement. Casgevy is a non-viral, ex vivo CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited cell therapy.
A new treatment for children aged 2 or older with sickle cell disease has been approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration. In a press release on Wednesday, the FDA announced it had approved Casgevy, the first gene therapy for children with sickle cell disease. (NewsNation) — A new treatment for children aged 2 or older with sickle cell disease has been approved by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA). In a Wednesday news release, the FDA announced it had approved Casgevy, the first gene therapy for children with the disease. “Casgevy is a gene therapy consisting of the patient’s own (autologous) hematopoietic (blood) stem cells, administered as a one-time single dose for intravenous infusion,” the release noted. “Pediatric patients as young as 2 years of age can now access a critical additional treatment option to treat these debilitating, life-threatening diseases,” Karim Mikhail, the acting director of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, wrote. “These disorders carry a heavy burden for children and their families, affecting growth, development, and long-term health in profound ways,” Megha Kaushal, acting deputy director of the Office of Therapeutic Products in CBER, said in the release.