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A developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused by the variants in the RNU2-2 gene, in which most reported variants are de novo. It is characterized by global developmental delay, hypotonia, impaired intellectual development, microcephaly, autistic behavior, and characteristically complex seizures.
Features include always present findings: Poor head control, Increased body weight, Macrodontia, and Dystonia and others; and very common findings: Absent speech, Sleep disturbance, Motor delay, and Motor stereotypy and others. 100 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 33 | Encephalopathy, Focal clonic seizure, Dystonia |
RNU2-2 function has not been fully characterized.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 119 is strongly associated with mutations in the RNU2-2 gene on chromosome 11.
Genetic testing for RNU2-2 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 119 has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 62 always present features, 6 very common features, 16 common features.
No clinical trials have been registered for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 119.
24 publications have been identified in PubMed for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 119. Research spans Basic Science / Preclinical (42%), Epidemiology / Natural History (21%), and Diagnostic / Biomarker (13%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Laboratory research | 10 | 42% |
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 6:36 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Head and neck |
6 |
Microcephaly, Hypomimic face, Thin upper lip vermilion |
Eyes | 5 | Strabismus, Nystagmus, Cerebral visual impairment |
Digestive system | 4 | Gastroesophageal reflux, Constipation, Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) |
Muscles | 2 | Generalized hypotonia, Falls |
Arms and legs | 2 | Long fingers, Recurrent hand flapping |
Ears | 1 | Hearing loss (hearing impairment) |
Growth and development | 1 | Short stature |
Pregnancy and birth | 1 | Fetal distress |
Metabolism | 1 | Fever |
Bones and joints | 1 | Sideways curvature of the spine (scoliosis) |
Skin | 1 | Cutaneous photosensitivity |
Kidneys and urinary system | 1 | Renal duplication |
Disease patterns and progression
5 |
21% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 3 | 13% |
Research summaries | 3 | 13% |
Patient case studies | 2 | 8% |
Other research | 1 | 4% |
Chiu ATG (2026). [PMID: 41257467](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41257467/). *Annals of neurology*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Samanta D (2026). [PMID: 41817849](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41817849/). *Acta neurologica Belgica*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Krygier M (2026). [PMID: 42200219](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42200219/). *Ann Clin Transl Neurol*. [Other]
Leitão E (2026). [PMID: 41912934](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41912934/). *Nature genetics*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Jackson A (2026). [PMID: 41912933](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41912933/). *Nature genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Fan S (2026). [PMID: 40968615](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40968615/). *Clinical genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Greene D (2026). [PMID: 41912932](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41912932/). *Nature genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Greene D (2025). [PMID: 40210679](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40210679/). *Nature genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Nava C (2025). [PMID: 40379786](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40379786/). *Nature genetics*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Jackson A (2025). [PMID: 40442284](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40442284/). *Nature genetics*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]