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Any early infantile epileptic encephalopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GUF1 gene.
Features include always present findings: Low muscle tone (hypotonia) and Profound global developmental delay; and common findings: Lethargy, Axial hypotonia, Hypsarrhythmia, and Choreoathetosis and others. 19 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 9 | Seizure, Cerebral cortical atrophy, Profound intellectual disability |
GUF1 encodes GTP binding elongation factor GUF1 (669 aa). Promotes mitochondrial protein synthesis. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Highest expression in Cells EBV-transformed lymphocytes (34.2 TPM) and Cells Cultured fibroblasts (26.7 TPM).
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 40 is associated with mutations in the GUF1 gene on chromosome 4.
GUF1 is classified as a druggable target with score 0.0.
Genetic testing for GUF1 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 40 has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 2 always present features, 14 common features.
No clinical trials have been registered for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 40.
134 publications have been identified in PubMed for developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 40. Research spans Epidemiology / Natural History (31%), Review / Meta-Analysis (19%), and Clinical Trial Publication (14%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Disease patterns and progression | 42 | 31% |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 12:50 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Muscles |
3 |
Axial hypotonia, Cerebral cortical atrophy, Low muscle tone (hypotonia) |
Digestive system | 1 | Feeding difficulties |
Growth and development | 1 | Intrauterine growth retardation |
Research summaries |
26 |
19% |
Clinical study results | 19 | 14% |
Patient case studies | 17 | 13% |
Laboratory research | 14 | 10% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 11 | 8% |
New treatment approaches | 4 | 3% |
Other research | 1 | 1% |
Cerulli Irelli E (2026). [PMID: 41992447](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41992447/). *Epilepsia Open*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Li Y (2026). [PMID: 41553327](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41553327/). *Epilepsia*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Surabhi P (2026). [PMID: 42269414](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42269414/). *Seizure*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Makaram N (2026). [PMID: 40974546](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40974546/). *Epilepsia*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Marchionni E (2026). [PMID: 41615502](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41615502/). *Neurogenetics*. [Case Report / Case Series]
De Dominicis A (2026). [PMID: 41818656](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41818656/). *Neurology*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Kallem RR (2026). [PMID: 41491341](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41491341/). *Biomed Chromatogr*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Balestrini S (2026). [PMID: 41712149](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41712149/). *CNS Drugs*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Minderhoud CA (2026). [PMID: 41825261](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41825261/). *Pediatr Neurol*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Morcos S (2026). [PMID: 41886798](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41886798/). *Pediatr Neurol*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]