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Loiasis is a form of filariasis (see this term), caused by the parasitic worm Loa loa, endemic to the forest and savannah regions of Central and Western Africa. Loiasis may either be asymptomatic or manifest as a large, transient area of localized, non-erythematous subcutaneous edema (Calabar swellings), adult worm migration through the sub-conjunctiva (''African eye worm'') and pruritus. Generalized itching, hives, muscle pains, arthralgias, fatigue, and adult worms visibly migrating under the surface of the skin may be observed. Severe complications such as encephalopathy have been reported in highly infected individuals receiving ivermectin during mass drug administration programs for the control of onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for loiasis has been reported in the published literature.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
3 clinical trials registered, 2 recruiting. Interventions under study include drug therapy and biologic therapy. Pipeline includes 1 PHASE3, 1 PHASE2, 1 NA. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
58 publications have been identified in PubMed for loiasis. Research spans Epidemiology / Natural History (24%), Case Report / Case Series (21%), and Diagnostic / Biomarker (16%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Disease patterns and progression | 14 |
Data assembled from 4 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 6:52 PM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Patient case studies | 12 | 21% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 9 | 16% |
Research summaries | 8 | 14% |
Laboratory research | 8 | 14% |
Clinical study results | 7 | 12% |
Declerck C (2026). [PMID: 42031038](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42031038/). *Travel Med Infect Dis*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Ayiseh RB (2026). [PMID: 42258489](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42258489/). *PLoS Negl Trop Dis*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Rajaonarivelo JA (2026). [PMID: 41882789](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41882789/). *BMC Res Notes*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
M'Bondoukwé NP (2026). [PMID: 41557726](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41557726/). *PLoS neglected tropical diseases*. [Case Report / Case Series]
de Moraes J (2026). [PMID: 41339150](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41339150/). *Trends in parasitology*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Albou J (2026). [PMID: 41498296](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41498296/). *Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Werner J (2026). [PMID: 41746016](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746016/). *Tropical medicine and infectious disease*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Lotola Mougeni F (2026). [PMID: 41719376](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41719376/). *PLoS neglected tropical diseases*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Posite CM (2026). [PMID: 42004149](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42004149/). *IDCases*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Domche A (2026). [PMID: 41654794](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41654794/). *BMC ophthalmology*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]