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Any hereditary lymphedema in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the VEGFC gene.
Features include always present findings: Lymphedema and Thickened, rough skin (hyperkeratosis); and common findings: Hydrocele testis, Pedal edema, and Prominent superficial veins. 7 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Skin | 2 | Lymphedema, Thickened, rough skin (hyperkeratosis) |
VEGFC function has not been fully characterized.
Lymphatic malformation 4 is associated with mutations in the VEGFC gene on chromosome 4.
Genetic testing for VEGFC is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for lymphatic malformation 4 has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 2 always present features, 3 common features.
No clinical trials have been registered for lymphatic malformation 4.
218 publications have been identified in PubMed for lymphatic malformation 4. Kisho has analyzed 145 by research type. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (30%), Epidemiology / Natural History (20%), and Review / Meta-Analysis (19%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 44 | 30% |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 12:29 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Arms and legs
1 |
Toenail dysplasia |
Disease patterns and progression
29 |
20% |
Research summaries | 28 | 19% |
Laboratory research | 14 | 10% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 13 | 9% |
Clinical study results | 13 | 9% |
New treatment approaches | 3 | 2% |
Other research | 1 | 1% |
Henslee SB (2026). [PMID: 41574430](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41574430/). *Lymphat Res Biol*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Yang HB (2026). [PMID: 42140885](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42140885/). *Int J Med Robot*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Teplitzky TB (2026). [PMID: 40432407](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40432407/). *Cleft Palate Craniofac J*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Loeser JH (2026). [PMID: 41650979](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41650979/). *Rofo*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Han WT (2026). [PMID: 41834198](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41834198/). *Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Chen C (2026). [PMID: 41273773](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41273773/). *Protein Cell*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Nocini R (2026). [PMID: 42244213](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42244213/). *Head Neck*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Pulicari F (2026). [PMID: 42088154](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42088154/). *Case Rep Dent*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Schultz R (2026). [PMID: 41296036](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41296036/). *Pediatr Radiol*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Bhattacharya S (2026). [PMID: 40997082](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40997082/). *Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]