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Any familial congenital mirror movements in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the DNAL4 gene.
Features include: Situs inversus totalis and Bimanual synkinesia.
DNAL4 encodes dynein axonemal light chain 4 (105 aa). Force generating protein of respiratory cilia. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity Highest expression in Testis (97.3 TPM) and Pituitary (37.4 TPM).
Mirror movements 3 is associated with mutations in the DNAL4 gene on chromosome 22.
DNAL4 is classified as a druggable target with score 0.0.
Genetic testing for DNAL4 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for mirror movements 3 has been reported in the published literature.
No clinical trials have been registered for mirror movements 3.
65 publications have been identified in PubMed for mirror movements 3. Research spans Clinical Trial Publication (34%), Basic Science / Preclinical (31%), and Review / Meta-Analysis (20%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Clinical study results | 22 | 34% |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 7:12 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
20 |
31% |
Research summaries | 13 | 20% |
Patient case studies | 6 | 9% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 2 | 3% |
Disease patterns and progression | 2 | 3% |
Lin L (2026). [PMID: 41892951](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41892951/). *Mar Drugs*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Eom S (2026). [PMID: 41931411](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41931411/). *IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Gupta A (2026). [PMID: 41957378](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41957378/). *Sci Rep*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Seo Y (2026). [PMID: 41746189](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746189/). *Med Phys*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Li Y (2026). [PMID: 41490458](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41490458/). *Brain Cogn*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Shah S (2026). [PMID: 41048055](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41048055/). *Mov Disord Clin Pract*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Celeghin A (2026). [PMID: 41816287](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41816287/). *iScience*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Yogeshwar SM (2026). [PMID: 40650880](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40650880/). *Brain*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Gao C (2026). [PMID: 41540441](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41540441/). *J Neuroeng Rehabil*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Boening A (2026). [PMID: 41423382](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41423382/). *J Physiother*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]