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Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a very rare multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions in neuronal and glial cells, and neuronal loss.
Features include very common findings: Decreased motor nerve conduction velocity, Enlarged brain ventricles (ventriculomegaly), and Leukoencephalopathy; and common findings: Urinary incontinence, Ataxia, Difficulty with thinking and memory (cognitive impairment), and Loss of consciousness and others. 24 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 12 | Seizure, Muscle stiffness (rigidity), Ataxia |
NOTCH2NLC encodes notch 2 N-terminal like C (293 aa). Human-specific protein that promotes neural progenitor proliferation and evolutionary expansion of the brain neocortex by regulating the Notch signaling pathway.
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease is associated with mutations in the NOTCH2NLC gene on chromosome 1.
The NOTCH2NLC protein participates in Transcription of NOTCH2NLC gene, NOTCH2NLB, (NOTCH2NLA, NOTCH2NLC) bind DLL1, (DLL4, JAG1, JAG2), and Transcription of NOTCH2NLR gene pathways.
NOTCH2NLC is classified as a druggable target with score 0.0.
Genetic testing for NOTCH2NLC is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 3 very common features, 9 common features.
Estimated prevalence: Unknown (Unknown prevalence).
No clinical trials have been registered for neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease.
123 publications have been identified in PubMed for neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (46%), Diagnostic / Biomarker (14%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (14%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 56 | 46% |
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 11:55 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Muscles | 2 | Muscle weakness, EMG: decremental response of compound muscle action potential to repetitive nerve stimulation |
Kidneys and urinary system | 1 | Urinary incontinence |
Digestive system | 1 | Episodic vomiting |
Lab test results | 1 | Increased CSF protein concentration |
Testing and diagnosis research
17 |
14% |
Laboratory research | 17 | 14% |
Disease patterns and progression | 13 | 11% |
Research summaries | 10 | 8% |
Clinical study results | 4 | 3% |
New treatment approaches | 4 | 3% |
Other research | 2 | 2% |
Zhong S (2026). [PMID: 42216228](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42216228/). *Acta Neuropathol Commun*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Zhang S (2026). [PMID: 41539185](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41539185/). *EBioMedicine*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Ohara H (2026). [PMID: 41716662](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41716662/). *Frontiers in neuroscience*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Jiang K (2026). [PMID: 41527200](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41527200/). *Annals of clinical and translational neurology*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Zhang Y (2026). [PMID: 41350475](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41350475/). *European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Wang Y (2026). [PMID: 41741685](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41741685/). *Nature cell biology*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Liang J (2026). [PMID: 41455460](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41455460/). *Journal of the neurological sciences*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Luo L (2026). [PMID: 41929501](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41929501/). *Frontiers in immunology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Yang J (2026). [PMID: 41866586](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866586/). *Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Liu X (2026). [PMID: 41688968](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41688968/). *BMC neurology*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
AI-curated news mentioning neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
Updated Jul 23, 2026
Research identifies a second pathogenic protein, PolyGN2C-iso2, contributing to the dual-protein pathology in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. This discovery enhances understanding of the disease's molecular mechanisms.
A recent morphometric MRI study identifies neural substrates linked to cognitive decline and tremor in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. This research enhances understanding of the disease's impact on brain structure and function.
overflow urinary incontinence as an early manifestation of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease niid a case report