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Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a developmental disorder characterized by typical craniofacial features, prenatal and postnatal growth impairment, intellectual disability, severe delayed psychomotor development, seizures, and hypotonia.
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 7:14 PM UTC
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Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Features include very common findings: Decreased muscle mass, Generalized hypotonia, EEG abnormality, and Global developmental delay and others; and common findings: Epicanthus, Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies, Strabismus, and Short stature and others. 100 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Bones and joints | 6 | Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies, Delayed skeletal maturation, Vertebral fusion |
Head and neck | 6 | Craniofacial asymmetry, Microcephaly, Cleft palate |
Arms and legs | 5 | Preaxial hand polydactyly, Split hand, Preaxial foot polydactyly |
Growth and development | 5 | Short stature, Severe postnatal growth retardation, Failure to thrive |
Brain and nerves | 5 | Seizure, Hydrocephalus, Global developmental delay |
Digestive system | 4 | Gastroesophageal reflux, Accessory spleen, Biliary tract abnormality |
Heart and blood vessels | 4 | Ventricular septal defect, Atrial septal defect, Abnormal heart valve (abnormal heart valve morphology) |
Eyes | 3 | Strabismus, Nystagmus, Ptosis |
Muscles | 2 | Decreased muscle mass, Generalized hypotonia |
Ears | 2 | Inner ear hearing loss (sensorineural hearing impairment), Conductive hearing impairment |
Kidneys and urinary system | 1 | Abnormality of the genitourinary system |
Skin | 1 | Preauricular skin tag |
Nervous system (morphological) | 1 | Morphological central nervous system abnormality |
Hormones | 1 | Precocious puberty |
Pregnancy and birth | 1 | Decreased fetal movement |
Blood and immune system | 1 | Immunodeficiency |
Lungs and breathing | 1 | Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the lungs |
Biomarker and diagnostic research for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome has been reported in the published literature.
Phenotype severity distribution: 9 very common features, 51 common features.
Estimated prevalence: 1-9 in 100,000 (Uncommon).
1 clinical trial registered, 1 recruiting. Interventions under study include other interventions. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
115 publications have been identified in PubMed for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Research spans Basic Science / Preclinical (33%), Case Report / Case Series (19%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (17%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Laboratory research | 38 | 33% |
Patient case studies | 22 | 19% |
Disease patterns and progression | 20 | 17% |
Research summaries | 17 | 15% |
Clinical study results | 9 | 8% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 6 | 5% |
New treatment approaches | 3 | 3% |
Li C (2026). [PMID: 42221011](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42221011/). *Front Pediatr*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Kannan J (2026). [PMID: 41932714](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41932714/). *BMJ Case Rep*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Salimbene L (2026). [PMID: 41757388](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41757388/). *Epilepsia*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Griffiths JA (2026). [PMID: 41238755](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41238755/). *Nat Rev Microbiol*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Wang Y (2026). [PMID: 41758961](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41758961/). *Blood*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Lo KB (2026). [PMID: 42234437](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42234437/). *JAMA Cardiol*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Tavassoli T (2026). [PMID: 42262640](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42262640/). *Curr Psychiatry Rep*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Adamczyk M (2026). [PMID: 42261721](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42261721/). *Ginekol Pol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Shen W (2026). [PMID: 42210665](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42210665/). *Mol Genet Genomic Med*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Sozańska N (2026). [PMID: 42106138](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42106138/). *Arch Biochem Biophys*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]