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A parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted by insect bites. It is characterized by an acute and chronic phase; in the acute phase patients may have fever, malaise, and swelling at the site of the insect bite. In the chronic phase patients develop hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias.
Features include common findings: Edema, Pallor, Skin rash, and Heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy) and others; and sometimes findings: Congestive heart failure, Aganglionic megacolon, Achalasia, and Abnormal large intestine physiology. 27 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Digestive system | 6 | Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), Diarrhea, Abdominal pain |
Biomarker and diagnostic research for Chagas disease has been reported in the published literature.
2 FDA-approved treatments are available for Chagas disease, including BENZNIDAZOLE (BENZNIDAZOLE, approved 2017) and NIFURTIMOX (LAMPIT, approved 2020). An additional 3 compounds hold orphan drug designation.
Brand Name | Generic Name | Mechanism | Approved | Market Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Phenotype severity distribution: 20 common features.
Estimated prevalence: 1-9 in 1,000,000 (Rare).
7 clinical trials registered, 2 recruiting. Interventions under study include drug therapy. Pipeline includes 3 PHASE3, 1 PHASE2, 1 PHASE1. Research is primarily industry-sponsored.
NCT ID | Title | Phase | Sponsor | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
[NCT04024163](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04024163) |
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 3:24 AM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Heart and blood vessels |
3 |
Heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy), Arrhythmia, Congestive heart failure |
Brain and nerves | 3 | Headache, Nervous system problems (abnormality of the nervous system), Peripheral neuropathy |
Skin | 2 | Skin rash, Localized skin lesion |
Blood and immune system | 2 | Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly), Autoimmune antibody positivity |
Metabolism | 1 | Fever |
Lungs and breathing | 1 | Dyspnea |
Muscles | 1 | Myalgia |
Lab test results | 1 | Autoimmune antibody positivity |
LAMPIT |
NIFURTIMOX |
Blocks DNA |
2020 |
Available |
BENZNIDAZOLE | BENZNIDAZOLE | — | 2017 | Available |
The following drugs have received orphan drug designation from the FDA for Chagas disease. Orphan designation reflects regulatory interest and does not indicate approval for treatment.
Brand Name | Generic Name | Sponsor | Designated | Exclusivity End | Designation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pyronaridine | Pyronaridine | Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 2019 | — | Designated |
4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid [1-(3-benzenesufonyl-1-phenethylallyl-carbamoyl)-2-phenylethyl] amide | 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylic acid [1-(3-benzenesufonyl-1-phenethylallyl-carbamoyl)-2-phenylethyl] amide | Center for Discovery & Innovation in Parasitic Diseases | 2017 | — | Designated |
Allopurinol riboside | Allopurinol riboside | Burroughs Wellcome Company | 1985 | — | Withdrawn |
FDA adverse event reports (FAERS) include all outcomes reported during treatment and do not establish causation. Report counts reflect all approved indications for each drug, not only this disease.
41 adverse event reports have been filed with the FDA for NIFURTIMOX (across all indications). Most commonly reported: dysmetria, nausea, and vision blurred.
94 adverse event reports have been filed with the FDA for BENZNIDAZOLE (across all indications). Most commonly reported: drug cross-reactivity, pruritus, and arthralgia.
Gene therapy approaches for Chagas disease have been reported in the published literature.
7 trials found
PHASE3 |
Insud Pharma |
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING |
[NCT03672487](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03672487) | Short-course Benznidazole Treatment to Reduce Trypanosoma Cruzi Parasitic Load in Women of Reproductive Age | PHASE3 | Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine | UNKNOWN |
[NCT05477953](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05477953) | An Observational Pregnancy Safety Study in Women Who Were Exposed to the Drug Nifurtimox During Pregnancy to Learn About the Risk of Pregnancy Complications and About the Mother's and Baby's Health | — | Bayer | NOT_YET_RECRUITING |
[NCT07033325](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07033325) | University-Based Chagas Testing in Salta Province, Argentina | — | Mundo Sano Foundation | UNKNOWN |
[NCT04897516](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04897516) | Shorter Benznidazole Regimens Compared to the Standard Regimen for Chagas Disease | PHASE3 | Laboratorio Elea Phoenix S.A. | RECRUITING |
340 publications have been identified in PubMed for Chagas disease. Kisho has analyzed 140 by research type. Research spans Review / Meta-Analysis (46%), Epidemiology / Natural History (16%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (14%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Research summaries | 65 | 46% |
Disease patterns and progression | 23 | 16% |
Laboratory research | 20 | 14% |
Other research | 9 | 6% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 9 | 6% |
New treatment approaches | 6 | 4% |
Clinical study results | 5 | 4% |
Patient case studies | 3 | 2% |
Serrano-Coll H (2026). [PMID: 41048042](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41048042/). *Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Choudhuri S (2026). [PMID: 41672427](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41672427/). *Emerg Microbes Infect*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Cunha-Neto E (2026). [PMID: 42018139](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42018139/). *JACC Basic Transl Sci*. [Other]
Tudella GCN (2026). [PMID: 41916435](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41916435/). *Acta Trop*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Gurgel-Gonçalves R (2026). [PMID: 41920171](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41920171/). *Rev Soc Bras Med Trop*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Barbosa CLN (2026). [PMID: 41864365](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41864365/). *Microb Pathog*. [Diagnostic / Biomarker]
Cardoso MA (2026). [PMID: 41902183](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41902183/). *Viruses*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Kortbawi HM (2026). [PMID: 41642666](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41642666/). *J Clin Invest*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Gómez I Prat J (2026). [PMID: 41526950](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41526950/). *Int J Equity Health*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
de Lima EV (2026). [PMID: 42025864](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42025864/). *Acta Trop*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
AI-curated news mentioning Chagas disease
Updated Aug 15, 2026
A recent correction highlights the role of rare pathogenic variants in mitochondrial and inflammation-associated genes that may contribute to inflammatory cardiomyopathy in Chagas disease. This research underscores the genetic factors involved in this condition.
A study published in PubMed highlights 15 years of selective testing for Chagas disease among Canadian blood donors. The findings underscore the importance of ongoing surveillance and testing to ensure blood safety in populations at risk.