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Laryngo-tracheo-esophageal cleft (LC) type 4 is a serious congenital respiratory tract anomaly characterized by a cleft extending into the thoracic trachea and possibly down to the carina, with respiratory distress.
Features include very common findings: Difficulty breathing (respiratory insufficiency), Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies, and Cachexia; and common findings: Abnormal rib morphology, Laryngomalacia, Abnormal cardiac septum morphology, and Spleen abnormalities (abnormality of the spleen) and others.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Digestive system | 2 | Spleen abnormalities (abnormality of the spleen), Intestinal atresia |
Phenotype severity distribution: 3 very common features, 9 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
No clinical trials have been registered for laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 4.
12 publications have been identified in PubMed for laryngotracheoesophageal cleft type 4. Research spans Clinical Trial Publication (42%), Case Report / Case Series (33%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (17%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Clinical study results | 5 | 42% |
Data assembled from 4 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 19, 2026, 9:41 PM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Lungs and breathing | 1 | Difficulty breathing (respiratory insufficiency) |
Bones and joints | 1 | Abnormal form of the vertebral bodies |
Growth and development | 1 | Cachexia |
Heart and blood vessels | 1 | Abnormal cardiac septum morphology |
Patient case studies
4 |
33% |
Disease patterns and progression | 2 | 17% |
Research summaries | 1 | 8% |
Nazario AN (2026). [PMID: 41999580](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41999580/). *Pediatr Pulmonol*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Fortich S (2026). [PMID: 42147688](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42147688/). *Cureus*. [Case Report / Case Series]
O'Riordan I (2025). [PMID: 40579891](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40579891/). *Laryngoscope*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Li Q (2025). [PMID: 39924319](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39924319/). *Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Wang Y (2025). [PMID: 41331794](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41331794/). *BMC Cardiovasc Disord*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Jin W (2025). [PMID: 39759945](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39759945/). *OTO Open*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Avraham SA (2025). [PMID: 40192173](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40192173/). *A A Pract*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Francisco S (2025). [PMID: 40227884](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40227884/). *Laryngoscope*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Ferroul F (2025). [PMID: 41005613](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41005613/). *Eur J Med Genet*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Worden CP (2024). [PMID: 39154570](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39154570/). *Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol*. [Clinical Trial Publication]