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Scorpion envenomation is a rare intoxication caused by a scorpion sting which typically manifests with localized pain, edema, erythema, and paresthesias at the site of the sting and, when severe, progresses to produce systemic symptoms of variable severity that include respiratory difficulties, abnormal systemic blood pressure, cardiac arrhythmia, and a combination of parasympathetic (i.e. excessive salivation and lacrimation, diaphoresis, miosis, frequent urination, diarrhea, vomiting, priapism) and sympathetic (e.g. hyperthermia, hyperglycemia, mydriasis) manifestations. Neurological manifestations may also be associated, such as abnormal eye movements, blurred vision, agitation and restlessness, as well as muscle fasciculations and spasms. Signs and symptoms are highly variable and in most severe cases may lead to cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for scorpion envenomation has been reported in the published literature.
No approved treatments are currently available for scorpion envenomation. An additional 1 compound holds orphan drug designation.
While no drugs are FDA-approved specifically for scorpion envenomation, some of the following designated compounds may be used off-label in clinical practice. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a specialist familiar with this condition.
The following drugs have received orphan drug designation from the FDA for scorpion envenomation. Orphan designation reflects regulatory interest and does not indicate approval for treatment.
Brand Name | Generic Name | Sponsor |
|---|
Estimated prevalence: Unknown (Unknown prevalence).
1 clinical trial registered. Interventions under study include drug therapy. Pipeline includes 1 NA. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
164 publications have been identified in PubMed for scorpion envenomation. Research spans Basic Science / Preclinical (46%), Case Report / Case Series (14%), and Epidemiology / Natural History (13%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Laboratory research | 61 | 46% |
Data assembled from 5 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 1:00 AM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Designated
Exclusivity End |
|---|
Designation Status |
|---|
Anascorp | Centruroides immune F(ab)2 | Rare Disease Therapeutics, Inc. | 2000 | 2018 | Designated (drug approved for other indication) |
Gene therapy approaches for scorpion envenomation have been reported in the published literature.
1 trial found
Patient case studies |
18 |
14% |
Disease patterns and progression | 17 | 13% |
Research summaries | 16 | 12% |
New treatment approaches | 7 | 5% |
Clinical study results | 5 | 4% |
Other research | 4 | 3% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 4 | 3% |
Theart F (2026). [PMID: 41319814](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41319814/). *Toxicon*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Ali Y (2026). [PMID: 41587697](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41587697/). *Toxicon*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Hefer S (2026). [PMID: 42264194](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42264194/). *Toxicon*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Kirchhoff KN (2026). [PMID: 42216956](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42216956/). *Database (Oxford)*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Jiang H (2026). [PMID: 41786748](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41786748/). *Nat Commun*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Butt SA (2026). [PMID: 41625542](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41625542/). *Toxicon X*. [Gene Therapy / Novel Therapeutics]
Cardoso-Arenas S (2026). [PMID: 41758886](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41758886/). *PLoS Negl Trop Dis*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Saman EAG (2026). [PMID: 41949005](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41949005/). *East Mediterr Health J*. [Case Report / Case Series]
El Housseini A (2026). [PMID: 41349899](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41349899/). *Toxicon*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Ceylan Delice M (2026). [PMID: 42138596](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42138596/). *Wilderness Environ Med*. [Case Report / Case Series]
AI-curated news mentioning scorpion envenomation
Updated Feb 17, 2026
A recent review highlights the incidence and clinical outcomes of bushmaster (Lachesis spp.) snake bites across the Americas. This study provides valuable insights into the management and treatment of envenomations from this venomous species.