acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning

Acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning is a serious condition caused by taking a toxic amount of tricyclic antidepressant medications. This poisoning leads to a range of dangerous effects that can impact the heart, brain, and other parts of the body. It is known to cause abnormal heart rhythms, signs of anticholinergic toxicity (such as dilated pupils and dry mucous membranes), and central nervous system effects that can include lethargy and coma. Because the poisoning can lead to life-threatening problems like refractory low blood pressure and sudden death, it is considered a medical emergency. The condition develops quickly after exposure and requires prompt attention, as its severity depends on the amount of drug ingested and how fast supportive care is initiated.

People with this condition may experience a variety of symptoms. Heart-related signs include fast heartbeats (sinus tachycardia), premature beats, and other dangerous irregular heart rhythms. They may also show signs of anticholinergic toxicity, such as widened pupils, a dry mouth, and high blood pressure. Additionally, the poisoning can affect the central nervous system, leading to symptoms like lethargy, coma, and myoclonic jerks (sudden, involuntary muscle movements).

Acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning occurs when a toxic dose of a tricyclic antidepressant is taken. This condition is not linked to genetic factors but rather to the accidental or intentional ingestion of too much of the medication. It is important to understand that the risk comes from the dose administered rather than from inherited traits.

Information about treatment is currently limited for this condition.

The outlook for people with acute tricyclic antidepressant poisoning can be very serious due to its life-threatening effects on the heart and brain. The severity of the condition depends on the amount ingested and the speed with which emergency care is provided. In some cases, without immediate intervention, the condition can lead to complications such as refractory hypotension and sudden death.

Information about current research and future directions is currently limited for this condition.