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A rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia (less than 300 cells/B5L on multiple occasions) not associated with any other underlying primary or secondary immune deficiency. Patients typically present opportunistic infections (with cryptococcal, mycobacterial, candidal, varicella zoster virus infections and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy being the most prevalent), malignancies (mainly lymphoproliferative disorders), or autoimmune disorders. Some individuals are asymptomatic and incidentally diagnosed.
Features include always present findings: Decreased total T cell count, Decreased total B cell count, Decreased CD4+ T cell proportion, and Decreased total lymphocyte count and others; and common findings: Bronchiectasis, Nasal polyposis, Recurrent sinusitis, and Recurrent shingles and others. 14 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Lungs and breathing | 4 | Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, Recurrent pneumonia |
UNC119 function has not been fully characterized.
Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia is associated with mutations in the UNC119 gene on chromosome 17.
Genetic testing for UNC119 is available. Testing is considered confirmatory for diagnosis.
Biomarker and diagnostic research for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia has been reported in the published literature.
No approved treatments are currently available for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. An additional 1 compound holds orphan drug designation.
While no drugs are FDA-approved specifically for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, some of the following designated compounds may be used off-label in clinical practice. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a specialist familiar with this condition.
The following drugs have received orphan drug designation from the FDA for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. Orphan designation reflects regulatory interest and does not indicate approval for treatment.
Brand Name | Generic Name | Sponsor |
|---|
Phenotype severity distribution: 5 always present features, 7 common features.
Estimated prevalence: Unknown (Unknown prevalence).
3 clinical trials registered, 3 recruiting. Interventions under study include drug therapy and biologic therapy. Pipeline includes 1 PHASE2, 2 PHASE1. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.
124 publications have been identified in PubMed for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. Research spans Epidemiology / Natural History (28%), Review / Meta-Analysis (27%), and Basic Science / Preclinical (23%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Disease patterns and progression | 35 |
Data assembled from 8 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 5:33 AM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Blood and immune system | 2 | Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, Immunodeficiency |
Ears | 1 | Recurrent otitis media |
Designated
Exclusivity End |
|---|
Designation Status |
|---|
Recombinant human interleukin-7 fused to a hybrid crystallizable fragment region of a human antibody (rhIL-7-hyFc) | Recombinant human interleukin-7 fused to a hybrid crystallizable fragment region of a human antibody (rhIL-7-hyFc) | NeoImmuneTech, Inc. | 2019 | — | Designated |
Gene therapy approaches for idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia have been reported in the published literature.
3 trials found
Research summaries | 33 | 27% |
Laboratory research | 28 | 23% |
Clinical study results | 11 | 9% |
Patient case studies | 9 | 7% |
Other research | 4 | 3% |
Testing and diagnosis research | 3 | 2% |
New treatment approaches | 1 | 1% |
Nozuma S (2026). [PMID: 41183275](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41183275/). *Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Ehlers L (2026). [PMID: 41866403](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866403/). *Cell Death Discov*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Darbinian E (2026). [PMID: 41326329](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41326329/). *Blood*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Palacio I (2026). [PMID: 42028536](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42028536/). *Cureus*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Marc-Olivier V (2026). [PMID: 41623529](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41623529/). *JAC Antimicrob Resist*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Gambichler T (2026). [PMID: 41531009](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41531009/). *Int J Dermatol*. [Other]
Jarvis JN (2026). [PMID: 41135558](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41135558/). *Lancet HIV*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Maurer M (2026). [PMID: 41865747](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41865747/). *Lancet Haematol*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Pérez-Díez A (2026). [PMID: 42155681](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42155681/). *J Allergy Clin Immunol*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Palefsky JM (2026). [PMID: 41162330](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41162330/). *Clin Infect Dis*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
AI-curated news mentioning idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia
Updated Jul 21, 2026
A recent case report explores the intersection of tuberculosis and idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, contributing to the understanding of this rare immune deficiency. The literature review highlights the complexities of managing tuberculosis in patients with low CD4 counts.