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Pili gemini defines a situation where the papilla's tip of a hair follicle splits during the anagen phase and consequently grows two hair shafts emerging through a single pilary canal. A papilla tip that divides in several tips will produce several hair shafts, a situation named pili multigemini. Pili gemini or multigemini can occur in each type of hair.
Features include always present findings: Hair shafts flattened at irregular intervals and twisted through 180 degrees about their axes; and common findings: Abnormal hairshaft morphology.
Phenotype severity distribution: 1 always present feature, 1 common feature.
No clinical trials have been registered for pili gemini.
7 publications have been identified in PubMed for pili gemini. Research spans Basic Science / Preclinical (57%) and Case Report / Case Series (43%).
Zhong X (2026). [PMID: 41626003](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41626003/). *JAAD Case Rep*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Saleh HM (2026). [PMID: 28613486](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28613486/). *Unknown Journal*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Hilzinger JM (2025). [PMID: 39392130](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39392130/). *Biotechnol Bioeng*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Rosko J (2025). [PMID: 40693898](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40693898/). *Elife*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Davidson E (2025). [PMID: 39168482](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39168482/). *Pediatr Dermatol*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Yu H (2025). [PMID: 40845095](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40845095/). *Sci Adv*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Data assembled from 4 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 7:12 PM UTC
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Ezure T (2025). [PMID: 39905217](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39905217/). *Sci Rep*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]