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A chronic progressive encephalitis that develops a few years after measles infection and presents with a demyelination of the cerebral cortex.
Features include very common findings: Atypical behavior, Mental deterioration, and Sudden, brief involuntary muscle jerks (myoclonus); and common findings: Depression, Progressive loss of mental abilities (dementia), Irritability, and Hallucinations and others. 36 total HPO annotations.
Organ System | Phenotype Count | Example Features |
|---|---|---|
Brain and nerves | 23 | Atypical behavior, Mental deterioration, Sudden, brief involuntary muscle jerks (myoclonus) |
No approved treatments are currently available for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. An additional 1 compound holds orphan drug designation.
While no drugs are FDA-approved specifically for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, some of the following designated compounds may be used off-label in clinical practice. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a specialist familiar with this condition.
The following drugs have received orphan drug designation from the FDA for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Orphan designation reflects regulatory interest and does not indicate approval for treatment.
Brand Name | Generic Name | Sponsor |
|---|
Phenotype severity distribution: 3 very common features, 20 common features.
Estimated prevalence: <1 in 1,000,000 (VERY_RARE).
No clinical trials have been registered for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
88 publications have been identified in PubMed for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (43%), Epidemiology / Natural History (18%), and Review / Meta-Analysis (15%).
Research Type | Count | % of Total |
|---|---|---|
Patient case studies | 38 | 43% |
Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 20, 2026, 3:01 PM UTC
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
European rare disease database
Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center
Muscles | 1 | Brain atrophy |
Lab test results | 1 | Anti-measles antibody positivity |
Eyes | 1 | Retinal hemorrhage |
Designated
Exclusivity End |
|---|
Designation Status |
|---|
Inosine pranobex | Inosine pranobex | Newport Pharmaceuticals | 1988 | — | Designated |
Gene therapy approaches for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis have been reported in the published literature.
View trials for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Disease patterns and progression
16 |
18% |
Research summaries | 13 | 15% |
Laboratory research | 13 | 15% |
Clinical study results | 4 | 5% |
Other research | 3 | 3% |
New treatment approaches | 1 | 1% |
Hashimoto K (2026). [PMID: 42156042](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42156042/). *Brain Nerve*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Cakar MM (2026). [PMID: 41505462](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41505462/). *Clinical EEG and neuroscience*. [Basic Science / Preclinical]
Van Gyseghem P (2026). [PMID: 41748077](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41748077/). *Neuropediatrics*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Garg N (2026). [PMID: 41961236](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41961236/). *Indian J Pediatr*. [Other]
Mihailov MD (2026). [PMID: 42042625](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42042625/). *NeuroSci*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
Elavarasi A (2026). [PMID: 42054714](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42054714/). *Parkinsonism Relat Disord*. [Other]
Garg RK (2026). [PMID: 42113281](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42113281/). *Neuroradiology*. [Review / Meta-Analysis]
Onder F (2026). [PMID: 41999189](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41999189/). *Ocul Immunol Inflamm*. [Clinical Trial Publication]
Yeow D (2026). [PMID: 41510914](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41510914/). *Annals of clinical and translational neurology*. [Case Report / Case Series]
Menon D (2026). [PMID: 41731448](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41731448/). *BMC neurology*. [Epidemiology / Natural History]
AI-curated news mentioning subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Updated Feb 23, 2026
A case report highlights an atypical long-term survivor of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, providing insights into the disease's progression and potential survival factors. This case contributes to the understanding of this rare neurological condition.