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toxic shock syndrome (TSS) - Clinical Profile, Genes & Research | Kisho | Kisho

Rare Disease

toxic shock syndrome

MONDO:0001881

Also known as:TSSTSS, toxic shock syndromebacterial TSS

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Overview

A rare acute life-threatening systemic bacterial noncontagious illness caused by exotoxins from bacteria of either the Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus type. It is characterized by high fever, hypotension, rash, multi-organ dysfunction, and cutaneous desquamation during the early convalescent period. The toxins affect the host immune system, causing an exuberant and pathological host inflammatory response. Laboratory findings include leukocytosis, elevated prothrombin time, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, and pyuria.

Treatments1 FDA approved

Clinical Trials2 registered · 1 recruiting

Clinical Presentation

Built from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) phenotype annotations and GeneReviews clinical descriptions. Features represent findings documented across known cases — not an exhaustive list of possible symptoms.

Features include very common findings: Hypotension, Shock, and Severe infection; and common findings: Confusion, Recurrent skin infections, Tachycardia, and Metabolic acidosis and others. 60 total HPO annotations.

Organ System	Phenotype Count	Example Features
Skin	5	Recurrent skin infections, Skin rash, Abnormal blistering of the skin

Diagnosis

Biomarker and diagnostic research for toxic shock syndrome has been reported in the published literature.

Treatment

Compiled from FDA-approved drug records, orphan drug designations, and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) safety data. GeneReviews management guidance is included where available.

1 FDA-approved treatment is available for toxic shock syndrome, including DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE (DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND DEXTROSE, approved 1987).

Approved Therapies

Brand Name	Generic Name	Mechanism	Approved	Market Status

Prognosis

Phenotype severity distribution: 3 very common features, 12 common features.

Estimated prevalence: 1-9 in 100,000 (Uncommon).

Research Landscape

Sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed. Publication types are classified using NLM-curated article metadata; research type breakdowns reflect the nature of published work for this disease.

2 clinical trials registered, 1 recruiting. Interventions under study include other interventions. Research is primarily sponsored by academic and government institutions.

202 publications have been identified in PubMed for toxic shock syndrome. Kisho has analyzed 153 by research type. Research spans Case Report / Case Series (47%), Epidemiology / Natural History (20%), and Review / Meta-Analysis (12%).

Research Type	Count	% of Total
Patient case studies	72

Data assembled from 6 of 12 sources · Last updated Sep 18, 2026, 5:26 PM UTC

MONDOHPOClinicalTrials.govFDAPubMedHGNCClinVarClinGenGeneReviewsOrphanetOMIMRUSP

Medical References

External Resources

Orphanet

European rare disease database

Orphanet:36234

GARD

Genetic and Rare Diseases Info Center

GARD:9560

Questions for Your Care Team

→What are the benefits and potential side effects of DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND DEXTROSE for managing toxic shock syndrome?
→Are any of the 2 active clinical trials a good fit for my situation?
→Are there specialists or centers of excellence for this condition in my area?
→Is there a patient registry I should consider joining?

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Kisho

toxic shock syndrome

Overview

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Approved Therapies

Prognosis

Research Landscape

Medical References

External Resources

Orphanet

GARD

Questions for Your Care Team

Questions for Your Care Team

Explore clinical features

Clinical Trials

Recent Publications

toxic shock syndrome

Overview

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Approved Therapies

Prognosis

Research Landscape

Medical References

External Resources

Orphanet

GARD

Subtypes

Related Diseases

Questions for Your Care Team

Questions for Your Care Team

Explore clinical features

Clinical Trials

Recent Publications